Apparatus for heating ovens.



S. QJGLEE APPRATUS FCE 'HEATING' OWENS. .MPL10-NGN 3511451) om?. s1, m2,

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`stead of baking or drying,r them.

TWIRT S. QUIGLEY, OF ROCMWAYlPAB/K, NEW YORK.

AEPARATUS FR HEATING OWENS.

To all whom if; may concern.'

Be it known thatl, lVIrrr S. QUIGLar, a citizen oli' the United Statesof America, re-` siding at Rockaway Park, county of Queens, State ofBlew York, have invented certain new and useful improvements inApparatus for Heating Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

illy invention relates to ovens heated interiorly by hot air, and totu'rnaces'for heatin the saine. ln ovens of this type, as for instance,core baking' ovens, the desired ternperal'ure is comparatively low,approxi inately degrees Fahrenheit, as a temperature lnucli above thispoint will overheat or burn the contents of the oven Ain- 'n V'the otherhand the temperature of the gasesof combustion .in an el'lieient furnacefor such oven will run from 2200O to '28000 Fahrenheit intenuieratiiire. li gases at this temperature. are led directly into theoven, so as vto utilize all the heat generated, the articles nearest theinlet from the furnace are liable to be burned, unless an elaboratesysteni of baille plates is employed, which waste a portion of the heat,and do not, even then, alnf'ays remedy the diiiiculty. This isparticuvlarly true of furnaces in which fuel in fluid torni is used,

either gas, oil or pulverized coal, supplied with air for combustionunder pressure, because' in such eases the highest ellicieney is reachedonly when the combustil le mixture contains about the theoretically cerect Aleunt ot sir for periti-ret combustio, and any attempt to thetempera tureby supplying; an excess ot air at 'the burner wouldinterfere wi n the process 01"'. combustion. l have overcome thisditiieulty by supplying air to such furnaces outside et the zone ofcombustion, to dilute and temper the gases of combustion, therebyconsefmfingthe beet, but delivering to the oven a inne larger volume olgases at a .lower 'teinpe ture. '"l e efficiency may be :furtherincreasr f picheating said au" et dilution by pasen it throughpassageways orined in the ti brick lining of the furnace beforedelivering it to the interior thereot'.

The best torno of apparatus embodying' my 'invention et present known meis .illusv` rated in. the accoinpr-.nyingtwo sheets in which, l ure l isa cross section ol" a standard torn et core baking oven andA furnacetherefor with my invention applied thereto, the

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed Octoberl, 1912.

halves of the shelves.

rammen aug. is, raie. Serial No. 728,911.

section being taken on line l.1 of Fig. v3; Fig. 2 is a detail sectionon line .2-2 of Fig. l showing the passageways for the air'of dilution,and Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the oven, and longitudinal centralsection of the furnace on line 3*-3 of Fig. l.

Throughout the drawings like reference characters indicate lik'e parts.

l, is the oven chamber having outlet 2, at the top and a Series ofrevolvin shelves 3, 3, and partitions 4l, 4, so that half of the shelvesand articles carried thereon'are iii the inclosed oven space l, Whilethe other halves are exposed, so that the previously baked articles maybe removed and unbaked articles placed thereon, without interrupting thebaking of the articles on the other When this is completed, the shelvesare given a half turn and the operation repeated. Hot air for the bakingoperation is supplied from'furnace chamber 5, below the oven andcommunicating therewith through openings 6, 6 inthe furnace root 7. Acombustible mixture .of air, and gras, oil or pulver-ized coal is fed tothe furnace through inlet 8f In the formy illustrated an oil burner 9,is employed.`

10, is the combustion chamber, and 11, the bridge wall, or tire backwhich serves to localize the zone of combustion.

The foregoing constitutes standard construction and would ordinarily besubjectL in use to 'the disadvantages above. indicated in that the wouldpass up into the oven chamber at nearly the Yfull temperature ofcombustion, burning the cores or other a'rticles on the lower shelves 3.At' the same time the gases would give up so much of their heat to suchlower shelves in their slowprogress upward that the articles on the topshelves might not he baked suiiieiently.

According to my invention I supply a lare-e quantity ot additional airtothe upiu part oi furnace chamber 5, outside of the zone ot combustion,through openings l2, l2, in the furnace wall. Preferably this air passestl'irough horizontal ducts 13, in the tire l'uiek .lining of thefurnace, being supplied thereto throughpassage ll, from blower l5. Asshown in Fig. 2, the lower ducts 13,'only, are connected to passage 14,and these are connected together andl to the, upper duct by verticalducts 16. As own these ducts are formed vin hollow tile constit atingthe furnace lining.

ln operation the proper quantities fii 'tion of the furnace lining andwalls.

but as the highly heated gases so generated pass out into the upper partof the furnace on their way to the oven, they are diluted by airtissuingfrom the openings 12, l2.

This air has had its temperature somewhat raised by the heat absorbedfrom the furnace lining and such heat is delivered to the oven to douseful work instead of beingl lost in radiator or destructive'disintegra- The quantity of air supplied, however, is so large that itstemperature is much less than that of the gases of combustion, and thetemperature of the resultant mixture is therefore reduced to a pointsuch that it will not burn even the articles on the lowest of the ovenshelves. The quantity of diluted and tempered gases is so great,however, and their velocity of movement through the oven consequently somuch greater than the velocity ofthe gases of combustion alone would be,`when no air of dilution is supplied, that said stream of tempered gasesretains enough heat even at the point of exit to heat the top shelf inthe oven to nearly the same degree as the bottom shelf, therebyproducing an equable baking action throughout the oven, withoutkoverheating any part thereof. In other words, instead of supplying ahundred cubic feet of gases at 1800 degrees temperature in a givenperiod to theloven, which would burn articles near the inlet but noteven bake articles near the outlet, nay-improved furnace will supply say300 cubic feet of mixed air and gases, at an initial temperature ofsomething over 500 degrees temperature and which Will passy through theoven at three times greater velocity, thus maintaining a bakingtemperature throughout the oven without overheating any part thereof.Air other advantage is the preservation of the lining and walls of thefurnace through the cooling action of the air passing through the hollowtile.

While I have illustrated my invention as appliedl to the core oven, itis evidentv that it could be applied With equal advantage to any forniof oven heated internally by incassa the passage of hot gases, andthatwhile I have illustrated an eil burning furnace it would applyequally well to other furnaces burning pulverized fuel or other forms offuel under a forced blast.

l am aware that heretofore furnaces have been built in which air wasadmitted to the Zone of combustion through passageways built in the wallof the furnace so as to preheat the air, but in all these furnaces thepurpese and effect of so admitting air to the zone of' combustion was toheighten y and complete the combustion which was only partiallyperfected at the fuel bed. My invention differs from this in that in thefurnaces built and operated in accordance therewith, care is taken to soregulate the amount of air supplied to theizone of combustion as tocomplete said combustion while the additional air supplied outside ofthe zone of combustion does not coi'nbine chemically with the productsof combustion but merely dilutes them mechanically. thereby producing amechanical mixture oi: much lower temperature for the purposes setforthn Having, therefore, described my invern tion. l claim:

The combination 'with an oven of a furnace having its outlet for gasesoi combus 'tion connected to said. oven, said. furnace having acombustion chamber, means for supplying a combustible mixture of air andfuel under pressure to said combustion chamber, a iniXing chamberinterposed between the comlmstion chamber and the furnace outlet, thewalls of which combustion and mixing chambers have passageways thereindischarging into the mixing chainbeil at points outside of the Zone ofcombustion in the furnace, and means for forcing air through saidpassagcways and outlets. whereby the products of the completecoinbustion going on in the combustion chainber' are diluted with apredetermined quantity of partly preheated air, and the mixturedelivered directly to the oven.

Vfl-RT S. QUGLEY.

llllitnesses;

A., Paulina Sinaai, M. (il. Cuawronn.

